Companions of Prophet Muhammad

COMPANIONS OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD (PBUH)

This section will include facts about the 4 caliphs, the saĥaaba (may ALLAH be pleased with them), which means the compnaions of prophet Muhammad (pbuh) who followed his teachings and narrated his sahih hadiths (authentic sayings).

> Abu Bakr Al Siddeeq, is the first among men to believe in the message of prophet Muhammad (pbuh) and converted to Islam. He was called "Al Siddeeq" (which means the person who believes and agrees) because whenever prophet Muhammad (pbuh) would say anything, Abu Bakr would say: "You are right, prophet of ALLAH (swt)".

- Abu Bakr Al Siddeeq's real name is "Abd ALLAH bin Quĥaafa, one of the richest people in Mecca the venerable and worked in tradings. The closest friend of prophet Muhammad (pbuh). ALLAH (swt) has mentioned him in The Holy Qur'an more than once (not by his name).

- "Aa'esha, prophet Muhammad's (pbuh) third wife, is Abu Bakr's daughter. And she was married to prophet Muhammad (pbuh) after he saw her in his dream and after a woman by the name of Khawla bint ĥakeem advised him to, so the relationship between him and Abu Bakr becomes stronger.

- So many people from Quraysh converted to Islam in the hands of Abu Bakr Al Siddeeq, such as "Uthman bin "Affaan and Al Zubayr bin Al "Awwaam. He also spent a lot of his money on freeing slaves. one of them was Bilaal bin Rabaaĥ, a person who was owned by a non-Muslim king from Quraysh and kept him as a slave, so Abu Bakr bought him and freed him from slavery and 6 more slaves.

- Abu Bakr Al Siddeeq was the first Caliph after the death of prophet Muhammad (pbuh), from year 632-634.

- Asmaa' bint Abee Bakr, is the second daughter of Abu Bakr. The first commando to sacrifice her life for Islam.

- Abu Bakr had accomplished lots of things, such as opening the first place for Muslims to help them with money and first to fight the renegades because they refused to pay zakaat.

- Abu Bakr Al Siddeeq died in year 13 Hijri (634) in Al Madina. Many people cried for his death, one of them is "Ali bin Abi Taalib, prophet Muhammad's (pbuh) cousin. Abu Bakr was buried next to prophet Muhammad (pbuh) in Al Madina.

- Abu Bakr is one of the people who was promised the Paradise. ALLAH (swt) has promised 10 companions the Janna (heaven) while they were still living, Abu Bakr is one of them.

- "Omar bin Al Khattaab, the second caliph after Abu Bakr. Also known as Al Faarooq and Abu ĥafs. He converted to Islam the 6th year after the revelation of The Holy Qur'an to prophet Muhammad (pbuh).

- His daughter, ĥafsa, is the 4th wife of prophet Muhammad (pbuh).

- He was caliph for 10 years, until he was assassinted by Al Majousi during the Fajr prayer, but he died on Wednesday night.

- His accomplishments: First to establish an Islamic country, first to put the Hijri calendar (Rabee" Al Awwal, year 16 Hijri), Showing Islam in Mecca and first to make a night security check around the houses of his town.

- ALLAH (swt) has revealed some verses of The Holy Qur'an that were approving to what "Omar bin Al Khattaab would say to prophet Muhammad (pbuh).

- "Omar bin Al Khattaab was so brave that even shaytaan (satan) would not come near him or distract him.

- "Omar bin Al Khattaab's grave is in Al Madina near the graves of prophet Muhammad (pbuh) and Abu Bakr.

- "Omar bin Al Khattaab is also one of the people who was promised the Janna by ALLAH (swt) while he was living.

- "Uthmaan bin "Affaan, the third caliph after "Omar bin Al Khattaab, from 644-656.

- "Uthmaan bin "Affaan is known as the man of the two lights, because he married both daughters of prophet Muhammad (pbuh). Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) gave him his daughter Um Kalthoom as his second wife after his first wife (the older daughter), Ruqayya died.

- "Uthmaan was known for his shyness and modesty. He was one of the best people of his Quraysh group before Islam. He never worshipped the statues neither did he drink.

- "Uthmaan was the first to gather The Holy Qur'an in one book. The original copy of The Holy Qur'an was at ĥafsa's house, one of prophet Muhammad's (pbuh) wives and "Omar's daughter. The reason why "Omar and "Uthmaan decided to make The Holy Qur'an in one book is because a lot of tribes of non-Arabs have accepted Islam, and by them not knowing the original language of Arabic as the Arabs did, and by not being able to pronounce the words correctly, "Omar and "Uthmaan decided that it is best to get the original copy of The Holy Qur'an from ĥafsa and make 7 copies of it (not making up their own words) and discard all the others verses of The Holy Qur'an that have been done by people of no knowledge. This way is to assure that The Holy Qur'an is still the same ONE book that never had mistakes as prophet Muhammad (pbuh) taught us and it is the same book that was at ĥafsa's house. Then "Uthmaan has returned the original copy of The Holy Qur'an to ĥafsa.

- "Uthmaan was one of the people who accepted Islam in the hands of Abu Bakr. He is also the first person to migrate to Al Habasha (Yemen) first and second migration with his wife Ruqayya when prophet Muhammad (pbuh) told the people to migrate.

- During "Uthmaan bin "Affaan's time several areas such as Armenia and other places as well as Africa were conquered.

- "Uthmaan's accomplishments: First to put the first Athaan for Friday Prayer, First to expand the mosque of prophet Muhammad (pbuh) and the ĥaraam Mosque, equipping half the army of "Usra with his money, and had established a place to make justice among people.

- "Uthmaan bin "Affaan died in the month of Thee Al ĥijja year 35 Hijri in his 80's. Some of the mobs were not happy with his accomplishments. They came from Al Kufa and Al Basra (two cities in Iraq) and had demanded some requests from him, but he refused. So they surrounded his house 40 days so he would agree to get overthrown, but he refused, then they killed him in the morning of Eid Al Udĥa while he was reading The Holy Qur'an. After his death the first Fitna (riot) began.

- "Uthmaan bin "Affaan is one of the people who ALLAH (swt) has promised the Janna while he was living.

- "Ali bin Abee Taalib, the fourth caliph after "Uthmaan bin "Affaan. Also known as Abu Al Hasan, the father of Al Hasan and Al Hussain, the grandchildren of prophet Muhammad (pbuh). His first wife was Faatima Al Zahraa', prophet Muhammad's (pbuh) daughter. He married no one but her, until she died. She died 6 months after prophet Muhammad (pbuh) died. He is also known as Haydara. and prophet Muhammad (pbuh) also called him Abu Turaab.

- "Ali was known for his courage and his speaking skills. He was the first to become Muslim among the youngs.

- When Quraysh were looking for prophet Muhammad (pbuh) to kill him, prophet Muhammad (pbuh) ordered "Ali to sleep in his bed so prophet Muhammad (pbuh) and Abu Bakr would get away from Quraysh and head to Al Madina to Ghaar Thawr (Cave of Thawr). "Ali stayed in prophet Muhammad's (pbuh) and Quraysh did not find prophet Muhammad (pbuh), so they knew he migrated. "Ali stayed for 3 days to take care of the trusts that was given to him by prophet Muhammad (pbuh). After that "Ali followed them to Al Madina on foot.

- "Ali has witnessed all the battles with prophet Muhammad (pbuh), except for the battle of Tabuk.

- When "Uthmaan was killed year 35 Hijri, the companions and AnsaarHelpers (the people of Madina who responded to prophet Muhammad's (pbuh) call to Islam and offered Islam a city-state power) pledged allegiance to "Ali to become the fourth Caliph from 656-661.

- "Ali worked hard reunite the Muslims and stop the fitna (riot). His accomplishments: First to memorize The Holy Qur'an after prophet Muhammad (pbuh), first commando in Islam and first to build prisons in Islam.

- "Ali bin Abee Talib died on 21st of Ramadan year 40 Hijri. After the fitna people had increased, Ibn Maljam killed "Ali bin Abee Taalib while he was going to pray the Fajr prayer in the Kufa mosque. He was Caliph for 4 years and 9 months.

- "Ali bin Abee Taalib is one of the people who ALLAH (swt) has promised the Janna while he was living. And "Ali, like other companions, was so humble and nice to other people to the point that he named some of his children after the 3 caliphs: Abu Bakr, "Omar and "Uthmaan.

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